انتخاب کمیت سنج (quantifier) مناسب
برای جواب به سوالات ?how much و ?how many ، کمیت سنج های مشخصی همراه با اسامی قابل شمارش (friends, cups, people)، و برخی دیگر همراه با اسامی غیرقابل شمارش (sugar, tea, money)، و بقیه با همه انواع اسامی به کار میروند.
|
Only with uncountable nouns |
With all types of nouns |
Only with countable nouns |
|
a little |
no, none, not any |
a few |
|
a bit of |
some |
a number of |
|
|
any |
several |
|
a great deal of |
a lot of, lots of |
a great number of |
|
a large amount of |
plenty of |
a large number of |
Would you like some tea and a few cookies?
آیا مقداری چای و چند بیسکوئیت میل دارید؟
I always put a little milk and some carrots in my soup.
من همیشه مقدار کمی شیر و تعدادی هویج در سوپم می ریزم.
He has several apples. I don’t have any fruit at all.
او چند سیب دارد. من هیچ میوه ای ندارم.
She has plenty of clothes for the winter.
او تعداد زیادی لباس برای زمستان دارد.
I received a large amount of feedback from my survey.
من بازخورد زیادی از نظرسنجی ام دریافت کردم.
به کار بردن much و many
Much و many بیشتر در جملات استفهامی و منفی به کار می روند. همچنین در جملات اخباری و منفی نیز همراه با کلمات too و so استفاده می شوند. توجه داشته باشید: کلمه many میتواند به تنهایی در جملات اخباری به کار رود اما کلمه much نمی تواند. در جملات اخباری much با a lot of یا lots of جایگزین می شود (این عبارات میتوانند جایگزین many هم بشوند).
|
Uncountable nouns |
Countable nouns |
|
How much sugar do you have? |
How many people came to the concert? |
|
There’s not much sugar at the store. |
Not many people came to the concert. |
|
I have too much sugar at home. |
There were too many people at the concert. |
|
I don’t know what to do with so much sugar. |
It’s a problem when there are so many people. |
|
I wish there was not so much sugar here. |
There were not so many people last year. |
|
There is a lot of sugar in candy. |
There are many people who want to come. = There are a lot of people who want to come. |
اگر علاقه مند به مطالعه بیشتر در مورد حالت های دیگر ضمیر ها هستید، اینجا کلیک کنید