التزام آینده
شکل
هنگامی که در مورد التزامات آینده مینویسیم، میتوانیم از الگویی رسمی متشکل از دو جزء استفاده کنیم.
فعل to be صرف شده در زمان حال برای جفت شدن با موضوع + مصدر فعل اصلی
فعل to travel به عنوان التزام آینده
|
Affirmative (اخباری) |
Negative (منفی) |
Interrogative (سوالی) |
Negative Interrogative (سوالی منفی) |
|
I am to travel. |
I am not to travel. |
Am I to travel? |
Am I not to travel? |
|
You are to travel. |
You are not to travel. |
Are you to travel? |
Aren’t you to travel? |
|
He is to travel. |
He is not to travel. |
Is he to travel? |
Isn’t he to travel? |
|
It is to travel. |
It is not to travel. |
Is it to travel? |
Isn’t it to travel? |
|
We are to travel. |
We are not to travel. |
Are we to travel? |
Aren’t we to travel? |
|
They are to travel. |
They are not to travel. |
Are they to travel? |
Aren’t they to travel? |
|
Affirmative (اخباری) |
I am to travel. |
|
Negative منفی |
I am not to travel. |
|
Interrogative پرسشی |
Am I to travel? |
|
Negative Interrogative سوالی منفی |
Am I not to travel? |
____________________
|
Affirmative (اخباری) |
You are to travel. |
|
Negative منفی |
You are not to travel. |
|
Interrogative پرسشی |
Are you to travel? |
|
Negative Interrogative سوالی منفی |
Aren’t you to travel? |
____________________
|
Affirmative (اخباری) |
He is to travel. |
|
Negative منفی |
He is not to travel. |
|
Interrogative پرسشی |
Is he to travel? |
|
Negative Interrogative سوالی منفی |
Isn’t he to travel? |
____________________
|
Affirmative (اخباری) |
It is to travel. |
|
Negative منفی |
It is not to travel. |
|
Interrogative پرسشی |
Is it to travel? |
|
Negative Interrogative سوالی منفی |
Isn’t it to travel? |
____________________
|
Affirmative (اخباری) |
We are to travel. |
|
Negative منفی |
We are not to travel. |
|
Interrogative پرسشی |
Are we to travel? |
|
Negative Interrogative سوالی منفی |
Aren’t we to travel? |
____________________
|
Affirmative (اخباری) |
They are to travel. |
|
Negative منفی |
They are not to travel. |
|
Interrogative پرسشی |
Are they to travel? |
|
Negative Interrogative سوالی منفی |
Aren’t they to travel? |
کاربرد
در انگلیسی نوشتاری میتوانیم از این الگو برای اشاره به التزام یا ایجاب انجام کاری، در زمانی بعد از حال، استفاده کنیم. در معنا با must متشابه است، اما این امکان هست که چیزی برای ما برنامه ریزی شده باشد. معمولا در انگلیسی گفتاری کاربرد ندارد.
مثال:
- You are to leave this room at once, and you are to travel by train to London.
- In London, you are to pick up your ticket from Mr. Smith, and you are to fly to your destination alone.
- When you arrive, you are to meet our agent, Mr. X, who will give you further information.
- You are to destroy this message now.
اگر علاقه مند به مطالعه بیشتر در مورد حالت های دیگر زمان آینده هستید، اینجا کلیک کنید